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These
simple sources of light consist usually of an
internal wick that goes up through the center of
solid fuel.
Candles have been a popular light source for
centuries. These simple sources of
light consist usually of an internal wick that
goes up through the center of solid
fuel. The fuel is usually a form of wax such as
paraffin, or bee's wax. However,
in soy and vegetable candles have become popular
extremely popular in recent years.
Before a candlewick can be ignited, it is soaked
in the fuel in its solid form.
The heat source such as a match melts and
vaporizes a small amount of the fuel,
which combines with the oxygen in the air to
create a flame. This flame slowly
melts the top of the solid fuel. Through
capillary action, the liquefied fuel is
pulled upward through the wick maintaining the
candle's flame.
By studying the candle's flame, we can see
several distinct colors. The hottest
and bluest regions, is where hydrogen is
separating from the fuel and creating water
vapor. The brightest, yellowier portion of the
flame is where carbon soot is oxidized,
forming carbon dioxide.
As the flame consumes the fuel, the candle of
course grows shorter. Sections of
the wick that are not melting the fuel are
consumed by the flame themselves, reducing
the length of the exposed wick.
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